Article 1: Main developments in civil law

1. Civil law is based on the recognition of the equality of the parties to the relations governed by it, the inviolability of property, freedom of contract, the inadmissibility of arbitrary interference 2. Citizens (natural persons) and legal persons Persons acquire and exercise their civil rights by their will and in their interest. They are free to establish their rights and obligations on the basis of a treaty and to determine any non-controversial rights. Civil rights may be restricted by federal law and only to the extent necessary for the protection of the fundamentals of the constitutional order. 3. In the establishment, exercise and protection of civil rights and in the exercise of civil rights 4. No one may take advantage of his or her unlawful or unfair conduct. Restrictions on the movement of goods and services may be imposed in accordance with federal law if this is not the case. It is essential to ensure safety, protect human life and health, protect nature and cultural values.